With global threats on the rise and warfare expanding onto the digital battlefield, the Department of Defense (DoD) continually modernizes their operational efficiencies as well as assessing how it acquires and deploys software and equipment. Oftentimes that might include welcoming in commercial applications, solutions as well as personnel. But for modernization efforts to succeed, agencies must consider not just the adoption of new tools but how to manage them effectively. That’s where Network Operations Centers (NOCs) and Security Operations Centers (SOCs) come in, serving as the nerve centers that keep military networks running securely and efficiently. As the DoD navigates this shifting landscape, they must either expand NOC and SOC operations in-house or tap into external expertise.
With growing system complexity, outsourcing key functions could provide a faster, more cost-effective path to strengthening security and streamlining operations in efforts to stay ahead of emerging threats.
Defining NOCs and SOCs: Key Differences and Functions
While both NOCs and SOCs are vital, their functions are distinct. A Network Operations Center (NOC) is responsible for maintaining network performance and ensuring infrastructure health, while a Security Operations Center (SOC) focuses on identifying and responding to security incidents.
Larry Palkendo, Associate Director of Security Solutions Architects at Verizon, recognized that while there are overlaps, the expertise and skills needed for each function differ. “It’s not that someone can’t understand both networking and security, but it’s a lot of information to manage across different vendors, technologies, or deep technical specifics,” Palkendo explained. “Most security professionals aren’t routing experts, and DoD network engineers might not be equipped to handle security incidents effectively and efficiently.”
Challenges of In-House Network and Security Operations
One of the biggest obstacles the DoD faces in keeping these functions in-house is staff retention. A recent report found that over 70 percent of SOC personnel report feeling burnout and about 60 percent report that they expect to leave their job within a year. Palkendo acknowledged that for military personnel, turnover rates can be even higher due to frequent rotations, creating instability and disrupting institutional knowledge.
“Keeping institutional knowledge, keeping individuals in place is far more beneficial than trying to bring on somebody new. They may have just as much operational knowledge but understanding the network’s nuances takes a lot of time,” Palkendo said. While new personnel may be highly skilled, the constant need to relearn complex systems slows operations. Outsourcing provides long-term expertise and stability, allowing for more consistent performance.
A More Cost Effective, Efficient Approach
With today’s intensified push for cost cutting and increased efficiency, outsourcing NOC and SOC functions can drive positive results. Recruiting, training, and retaining cybersecurity and network specialists is expensive, especially given the competition for top talent within the public and private sector. Outsourcing helps reduce these costs while providing access to teams with deep expertise and contractual service level agreements who can immediately contribute to mission success.
Operational efficiency can also improve when network and security functions are managed by dedicated professionals. Instead of expecting internal teams to juggle both responsibilities, the DoD can rely on specialized experts who resolve issues faster and more effectively. With a managed service provider overseeing network and security operations, agencies can focus on mission-critical initiatives rather than resource-intensive IT management.
Palkendo highlighted, “When providers have full visibility into the network, they can resolve issues more quickly, identifying and addressing problems before they escalate.” This level of proactive monitoring, combined with advanced technologies like AI and machine learning, enhances both security and operational efficiency.
Integrating NOC and SOC Functions for Greater Security
Managing NOCs and SOCs separately can create friction between teams, especially when diagnosing network issues that may be tied to security threats. When these functions operate in silos, miscommunication and delays can slow response times. Outsourcing both functions to a single provider helps streamline workflows, improve coordination, and reduce the risk of gaps in coverage. “You need synergy between NOCs and SOCs because today’s systems aren’t standalone—they’re deeply integrated. Ensuring these teams work closely together is crucial for seamless operations and faster issue resolution,” Palkendo added.
With a unified approach, a network performance issue can be immediately escalated to the SOC for further investigation if it’s linked to a security breach. This seamless integration enhances visibility, strengthens security posture, and ensures that emerging threats are addressed before they can cause significant disruption.
Enhancing Security and Readiness Through Outsourcing
Outsourcing NOCs and SOCs provides military organizations with the expertise, stability, and advanced technologies needed to maintain secure and efficient operations. By consolidating these functions with trusted providers, the DoD can ensure greater continuity, improve threat response, and reduce operational costs. More importantly, it allows agencies to focus on properly supporting the warfighter while leaving the complexities of network and security management to dedicated experts. In an increasingly digital and high-stakes environment, this strategic shift can enhance resilience and readiness for the future.